Electrification is a beneficiation method that uses an electric separator to separate minerals based on the difference in electrical properties between minerals. Mineral electrical properties can be described by dielectric constant, electrical resistance, specific conductivity, and commutability. In general, minerals with a small dielectric constant, large electrical resistance, and high specific conductivity are not easily conductive, and are often produced as non-conducting minerals in electrical selection; in contrast, where the dielectric constant is large and the resistance is large Smaller, less conductive minerals tend to be more conductive and are often produced as conductor minerals in electrical elections. Mineral electrical differences are the internal cause of electrification, and to separate them, it is necessary to create appropriate external conditions. The electric separator provides an appropriate electric field, plus a gravitational field and a centrifugal force field. Thus, in the electrification process, the electric field force, gravity, centrifugal force and friction force act together on the ore particles, and the combined force of these forces determines the direction of the ore particles. In order to achieve electrical separation, the following conditions must be met: The electric field force of the non-conductor ore particles > the force of gravity and centrifugal force of the ore particles > the electric field force of the conductor ore. The magnitude of the electric field force received by the ore particles is related to the amount of electricity carried by the ore particles. Because of its good conductivity, the conductor ore is easy to discharge during contact with the electrode. Even if it starts to get a lot of charge, only a small amount of charge will be left, and the electric field force it receives is very small. The right condition is easy to satisfy. In order to satisfy the condition on the left side of the inequality, it is necessary to increase the electric field force to which the non-conductor ore particles are subjected. The composite electric field of the electrostatic field and the corona electric field allows the non-conducting ore particles to carry more electricity. At the same time, in order to increase the electric field strength, a high voltage is used, so that the non-conductor ore particles are subjected to a large electric field force, and the competitiveness such as gravity and centrifugal force can be overcome, and electrification separation can be realized. The electric drum selection process is explained by taking a common drum type electric separator as an example. The electrode structure of the drum type electric separator is shown in Fig. 1. In the figure, l is the grounding drum electrode, which is made of ordinary steel tube, and the surface is chrome- plated . When working, it rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the rotation speed is adjustable. 2 is a corona electrode, and 4 to 6 pieces of nickel- chromium wire are moved by 0.5 mm to be parallel with the drum. Electrostatic electrode 3, the negative power source of aluminum tubes, parallel to the corona wire and the high pressure is turned on. When the high-voltage DC negative current is passed to the corona pole and the static electrode, since the corona pole diameter is small, a high electric field strength is formed in the vicinity thereof, so that the corona pole emits a large amount of high-speed moving electrons in the direction of the drum, and these electrons collide with the air. The molecules ionize it, the positive ions fly to the negative pole, and the negative ions fly toward the drum to produce a corona discharge. Thus, the space near one side of the drum is negatively charged, and the static electrode produces only a high voltage electrostatic field without discharging.
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Figure 1 Main body 1 - drum electrode of drum type electric sorter; 2 - corona pole; 3 - static electrode; 4 - feed plate; 5 - vibrator; 6 - feed roller; 7 - feed hopper; - brush; 9,10 - parting plate; 11,12 - heating tube; 13 - air cylinder; 14 - casing ore is uniformly fed to the drum surface by the feeding tank through the vibration tank and then enters the electric field At the beginning, both the conductor and the non-conducting ore are adsorbed with negative charges. The conductor ore quickly transports the negative charge through the drum, and is also induced by the high-voltage electrostatic field. The end near the static electrode induces positive electricity, close to the drum. One end of the negative electricity is induced, and the negative electricity is quickly transmitted from the drum. Finally, only the positive charge is left, and it is attracted by the high-voltage negative electrode. Together with the gravity and centrifugal force of the ore itself, it is removed from the drum and becomes a conductor. Product; the negative charge obtained by non-conducting ore particles is difficult to pass away, is attracted by the drum and is close to the surface of the drum, and turns into a non-conductor product when the drum rotates to the back of the electric field; the medium conductive particles are in the middle. Fall into the middle mine.
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The basic principle of the electric separator?