Cobalt-based alloy powders are commonly used in plasma transfer arc welding (PTAW) due to their excellent high-temperature properties and resistance to wear and corrosion. These alloys are typically composed of cobalt as the base metal, with various alloying elements such as chromium, tungsten, nickel, and carbon added to enhance specific properties. Co Powder,Cobalt 6 Powder,Cobalt 12 Powder,Cobalt 21 Powder Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co., Ltd , https://www.xtcalloypowder.com
The US TLED Notification Council for LED Lighting is mainly for the TBT notification of the recently released LED lamp test procedure in the United States. The test procedure specifies methods for measuring lumen output, input power and relative spectral distribution of LED lamps. In addition, a method of measuring the luminous flux maintenance rate of the LED light source is also specified to predict the rated life of the LED lamp.
It is understood that these regulations are closely related to LED lighting products, and the United States is one of the major export markets for LED lamps in China. In 2012, China’s exports of LED lamps to the United States reached 10 billion yuan. Once the US notified regulations are officially implemented, it will have a greater impact on China's LED industry.
The commercialization of LED lighting has also had a major impact on the industry. LEDs have a longer life span and more energy efficiency, but currently only account for a small share of demand. It is expected that the demand for LED-based lighting fixtures will have a particularly strong growth by 2016, and the rapid advancement of LED light source technology will make them more energy efficient, brighter and more affordable. In addition, lighting fixture manufacturers are also developing devices designed specifically for LEDs to optimize their performance and make them a top-notch artwork in lighting products.
According to a research report by the US market research institute Freedonia, it is predicted that the US lighting market will reach 25 billion US dollars by 2016. Demand for lighting fixtures in the United States is expected to increase by 7.4 per year to reach $25.1 billion in 2016.
Lighting products include non-portable and portable devices, as well as separately sold parts and accessories, such as after-sale lamp ballasts, accessories, switches, etc. The demand for lamps is mainly from non-portable devices, accounting for the demand for total lighting in 2012. Nearly two-thirds. Non-portable luminaires are mainly used in a wide range of applications in building and vehicle applications. It is expected that by 2016, thanks to the full rise of construction activities and the increasing demand for vehicles, the demand for non-portable devices is expected to increase in the later stages.
It is expected that the demand for non-portable luminaires will almost double between 2013 and 2016. Throughout the major market segments, the lighting brands that reduce energy consumption will get the best growth prospects. This can be largely attributed to the demand for energy-efficient lighting products in the Energy Independence and Safety Act of 2007: restrictions on the sale of incandescent lamps. These regulations will work to promote the demand for fluorescent lamps, halogen lamps, high-intensity discharge lamps, and LED light sources.
The use of cobalt-based alloy powders in PTAW offers several advantages, including:
1. High-temperature strength: Cobalt-based alloys exhibit excellent strength and resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures, making them suitable for welding applications that involve high heat.
2. Wear resistance: These alloys have a high hardness and resistance to wear, making them ideal for welding applications where the welded parts are subjected to abrasive or erosive conditions.
3. Corrosion resistance: Cobalt-based alloys offer good resistance to corrosion, making them suitable for welding applications in aggressive environments, such as those involving chemicals or saltwater.
4. Thermal conductivity: Cobalt-based alloys have good thermal conductivity, allowing for efficient heat transfer during welding and reducing the risk of heat-affected zone (HAZ) defects.
5. Compatibility with other materials: Cobalt-based alloys can be easily welded to a wide range of base metals, including stainless steels, nickel alloys, and other cobalt-based alloys, providing versatility in welding applications.
To use cobalt-based alloy powders for PTAW, the powder is typically fed into the plasma arc using a powder feeder. The powder is then melted by the high-temperature plasma arc and deposited onto the workpiece, forming a weld bead. The specific welding parameters, such as arc current, travel speed, and powder feed rate, will depend on the specific alloy and application requirements.
It is important to note that the selection of the cobalt-based alloy powder should be based on the specific welding application and the desired properties of the final weld. Different cobalt-based a
US LED new regulations will greatly increase the export of Chinese lamps