In recent years, China's automobile production and sales have been in a continuous growth trend, and car ownership has continued to increase. China has become the world's largest automobile producer and consumer market. Judging from the sales situation of automobiles, after 2000, China's auto industry entered the stage of explosive growth of demand, and the sales volume of new cars increased rapidly. The period of vehicle scrapping is usually 10-15 years. It can be expected that China will enter the peak period of automobile scrapping after 2015. Automated Production Line,Fully Automatic Assembly Line,Automated Packaging Line,Automated Electronics Assembly Line Jiangyin Tongli Industrial Co.,Ltd , https://www.manipulator17.com
·The car dismantling industry has become a bottleneck in the development of the industry
According to the forecast of relevant institutions, China's car ownership will reach 150 million in 2015 and will exceed 200 million in 2020. According to the level of 6%-8% of car ownership in mature markets, China's annual scrap car sales will reach 9 million to 12 million in 2015 and 12 million to 16 million in 2020. According to the statistics of scrap steel, waste tires, waste plastics and waste non-ferrous metals in scrapped vehicles, the industry scale will reach about 177.8 billion yuan by 2015. If the demand for parts remanufacturing and related equipment is included, the overall scale of the industry will be far. More than 200 billion yuan. Therefore, China's automobile dismantling industry has a large market space. Some experts believe that the market size of China's auto dismantling industry is likely to reach 70 billion US dollars in 10 years, which is 450 billion yuan (6.2005, -0.0008, -0.01%).
Not only that, the yellow label vehicle rectification will also provide a huge increase for the formal automobile scrapping market, industry integration has begun, and the lifting of the five major assembly remanufacturing policies is worth looking forward to. In 2014, the country plans to phase out 6 million yellow-label vehicles, and the implementation of various localities is strong. The actual elimination of old scrapped vehicles reached 7 million, and the number of vehicles entering the regular scrapping channels has exploded. In addition, the lifting of the five major remanufacturing policies is an inevitable trend. In recent years, new policies have been introduced to support the lifting of the ban. The future profit model of dismantling enterprises will break the current steel recycling model and turn to remanufacturing + circulation. The industry's profitability is expected to be higher. Upgrade.
However, compared with developed countries, the domestic scrap car dismantling and processing industry is still in the “farming eraâ€. On the one hand, the overall automobile scrap rate in China is only about 4%, which is significantly lower than the level of 6%-8% in developed countries. On the other hand, China's scrapped cars have a low capacity for formal dismantling and dismantling. Far from meeting the processing needs of 10 million scrapped cars in 2015; in addition, the amount of scrapped cars that have been dismantled and broken through formal channels is still very small, and a large number of scrapped cars are illegally modified and assembled directly on the third and fourth lines. In urban and rural areas, on the technical level, domestic scrapped car dismantling and processing technologies are still mainly based on manual dismantling, with limited levels, low value recovery of valuable resources and heavy environmental pollution.
"Recycling is difficult" has become a bottleneck in the industry
"Recycling is difficult" has always been a pain point for China's scrapped automobile industry. Although China's scrapped car volume has maintained rapid growth, the car scrap rate is still low, only about 4% of the possession, which is significantly lower than the developed country's 6%-8% level, and the recovery rate is only 0.5% of the possession. -1%, far below the level of 5%-7% in developed countries.
Judging from the amount of scrapped cars in China, China has begun to gradually enter the peak period of automobile scrapping. According to the data, in 2010-2014, the number of vehicle cancellations in China was about 3.64 million, 4.48 million, 4.68 million, 5.35 million, and 8.8 million, respectively, but the number of dismantling in the same period was more than 2 million. More than 1 million vehicles, 600,000 vehicles, 1.37 million vehicles and 5.1 million vehicles. Among the difference between the amount of cancellation and the amount of dismantling, some of them entered the gray area, and they were used as an illegal reflow market for old parts and assembled vehicles.
"The development of China's automobile dismantling industry started in the 1980s. At present, the regular automobile dismantling enterprise has extremely low profit. The low vehicle recycling rate restricts the development of formal dismantling enterprises. 'Fake transfer', 'false transfer', 'false return' The phenomenon still exists. At present, there are 3 million scrapped cars entering the scrapping cycle every year, but in fact only 40% of the scrapped vehicles enter the end-of-life recycling program every year. Currently, 50%-60% of China’s annual scrapped vehicles are inflows. Black market and illegal car recycling and dismantling companies." Zhuo Chuang, an analyst with Zhuo Chuang, said in an interview with the reporter of China Sankei Shimbun.
At present, China's automobile dismantling enterprises generally dismantle cars in 1,000-2000 vehicles per year, while in mature foreign markets, the average annual dismantling capacity is 60,000-80,000. At the same time, the low level of refinement will not only affect corporate profits, but also create a vicious circle.
“The method of car dismantling is manual dismantling and manual cutting. The low efficiency of dismantling seriously affects the profit of the enterprise. This leads to the lower the profit, the lower the price, the lower the price to buy scrapped cars, and the more difficult it is to acquire under low prices. The car, this led to a vicious circle." Fan Ruowei said.
"Regular army" starving black market firestorm
It is understood that there are not many domestic scrap car dismantling enterprises that are qualified, and the problems are small and the degree of specialization is not high. Although the central government has spent funds to dismantle the upgrading of enterprises. However, due to poor supervision, the implementation effect is not satisfactory, and some enterprises have not used funds for equipment transformation.
On the contrary, the dismantling of the black market in the scrapped car is an unusual firestorm, and the high profit is the main reason for the rampant "cruise army" in the car dismantling industry. Since the profits of used cars through regular dismantling are relatively low, generally around 5,000-6,000 yuan, but the car that will be scrapped will be sold to the used car market, but it can make a profit of 30,000-460,000 yuan. For the temptation of high profits, consumers chose the latter. And when these cars flow into the used car market, they either flow to more remote areas to continue on the road, or they will flow into the black market.
Scrapped vehicles are dismantling the black market, but "the whole body is a treasure", the disassembled parts are sold, and earning one or two thousand is not a problem.
“After the scrap car enters, generally remove the more popular external parts such as headlights, windows, and car signs, then disassemble and disassemble the interior parts, instruments, etc., and finally disassemble the ABC column and power components. Of course, it is not necessary According to this step, it is generally where to start and where to start." A dismantling worker working in the black market introduced.
A small dismantling factory owner who did not want to be named said: "If the scrap car is dismantled, only aluminum, steel and rubber tires can be sold. Even if the dismantling costs are added, it will not earn a few. For example, according to the “principle price pricing principle for scrapped automobiles†formulated by the state with reference to the market price of old metals, the scrap steel automobile purchase price is 450 yuan per ton, and each enterprise can fluctuate by 20% according to the vehicle condition and the local market steel purchase price. That is to say, all the steel that a common car has been removed can only sell for five or six hundred yuan. It is too little. It can only be considered in other ways."
At present, the lack of linkage and collaboration between upstream automobile manufacturers and downstream recycling and remanufacturing companies is also one of the problems that cause scrapped cars to flow into the black market. In developed countries, scrapped cars must be sent to specialized scrap car recycling companies for processing. After the recycler disassembles the scrapped auto parts, they are sent to a professional manufacturer to renovate and renovate the parts that are still valuable, and then transport them to the garage for reuse. However, in China, manufacturers are not responsible for the recycling of scrapped vehicles, nor do they manage and control the restricted substances in automobiles, and it is even more difficult to provide dismantling information and environmental protection requirements to the society.
Generally speaking, the three major sources of profit for mature market auto dismantling companies are: profitability through the rebuilding and reuse of parts such as “five major assemblies†(engine, steering wheel, transmission, front and rear axles, frame); Subsidy; finally profit from the sale of the dismantled materials. According to Chinese laws, engines, steering gears, transmissions, front and rear axles, and frame can only be sold as scrap metal to steel companies for recycling. Any enterprise, even a remanufactured pilot enterprise, cannot be dismantled by a car. "Five major assemblies." In addition, the state's policy subsidies were suspended shortly after implementation. Therefore, China's formal car dismantling enterprises can only rely on the sale of car dismantling materials to make profits.
"The government should introduce specific policies to rectify and standardize the car dismantling market. The dismantling of chaos and the black market violent is nothing more than "interest" is playing a guiding role, so it is necessary to increase the dismantling of enterprises and consumers. Subsidies and guarantees. Consumers are not all profit-seeking. As long as the subsidies are in place, consumers will generally choose a formal dismantling enterprise. Because the scrapped parts will re-enter the market and even go on the road, there will be many safety hazards. The ultimate victim is Consumers themselves." Guo Xiaokang, chairman of Shaanxi Nuoyu Automobile Trading Co., Ltd., said in an interview with the reporter of China Sankei Shimbun.
The original Qingyuan support policy is urgently to be introduced
At present, China's automobile dismantling industry is still in the development stage, and the system guarantee is not perfect. The policies that have been implemented are not very "powerful". Developing practical policies and strengthening enforcement is the next issue to face.
Zhuo Chuang Consulting analyst Fan Ruowei told reporters that at present, the profits of China's regular auto dismantling enterprises are seriously hindered, and the development of the auto dismantling industry still needs policy support.
In 2009, the state had stipulated that anyone who gave a car to a designated scrap car recycling and repurchase company and redeemed a new car could enjoy subsidies ranging from 3,000 yuan to 6,000 yuan. As soon as this policy came out, the number of cars that were sent to designated companies for dismantling in 2010 increased significantly. Unfortunately, this policy lasted only one year.
Due to the incomplete laws and regulations, the relevant regulations are not matched, resulting in the large-scale, standardized and modernized scrap car recycling and dismantling industry in China. The market conditions of small, scattered, chaotic and poor have not changed, resource utilization and environmental protection. The level is not high. Cai Shengyu, chairman of Chongqing Chuanshi Investment Co., Ltd. pointed out that the automobile dismantling business is divided into two parts: second-hand parts recycling and raw material recycling. At present, the domestic second-hand parts recycling business has basically not been carried out, and the raw material utilization is only using manual dismantling. The way uses some scrap and some non-ferrous metals.
According to the development trend of the foreign automobile market, with the improvement of people's living standards, the price of new cars will continue to fall, and the condition of used cars will be better and better. Some parts that can be recycled will still be scrap steel and scrap iron. Formal sale is not only a loss to the economic benefits of the enterprise, but also a waste of resources for the country. How to strengthen the supervision and management of these scrapped cars to enter the dismantling process, how to make the scrapped automobile, the "urban minerals", can be recycled to the maximum extent, and become an urgent problem for the relevant government departments and scrapped car dismantling enterprises.
Industry insiders called on relevant government departments to introduce effective measures to regulate the market and ensure that scrapped cars enter the formal channels to prevent potential safety hazards. From the current point of view, the relevant policies of various provinces have been introduced one after another, and will further standardize the procedures and management of scrapped car recycling and dismantling, and crack down on violations in the various stages of scrap car recycling, second-hand car trading, and car maintenance. At the same time, we should also learn from mature market experience: the US market pays attention to the market-oriented operation mechanism, and realizes the end-of-life automobile recycling economy system through recycling mechanism innovation, recycling technology upgrade and smooth circulation. The market scale exceeds 70 billion US dollars. Japan, Europe and other countries attach importance to car companies and consumer responsibilities, and through the implementation and implementation of the law, to create a perfect scrap car recycling system.