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Cable laying method for weak wiring in the park
It is very important to do a good job in the overall planning and design of the park. It is an important pre-requisite for the future weak electrical wiring in the park. For large-scale intelligent residential quarters, especially residential buildings consisting of dozens of buildings, hundreds of multi-storey buildings or many multi-storey, small high-rise and high-rise residential buildings, they are often built through multi-phase construction. The entire park, therefore, in the design phase or preliminary design phase of the project should start the overall planning and design of the weak wiring in the park.
Several cable laying methods commonly used in weak wiring in the park
In combination with the characteristics of the outdoor wiring of the intelligent community, the wiring method commonly used in the intelligent community is the hand (hand) hole pipe method, the armored cable direct burial laying method, the use of the cable tray provided by the basement to lay the weak electric cable, the wall cable method, the pipe laying Way, etc.
1. Armored cable is buried directly
The armored cable is directly buried in the place where the number of cables with the same path is small, such as a broadcast line with a high level, a campus broadcast system set up to beautify the environment and respond to emergency events, usually used for background music. Play, in case of an emergency, it can be used as an emergency broadcast. However, the system is often a 100V or 120V constant voltage transmission system. The high potential has strong interference with other weak electric cables. It must not be laid in the same pipeline system as other weak electric cables. Even shielded cables should be avoided. . On the other hand, the speaker placement position of the background music is arranged on the scenic spots, lawns, gardens and the like in addition to the two sides of the road, and these positions are suitable for the direct laying of the armored cable. The buried depth of the armored cable is generally 0.70m. It is required to be protected by steel pipes when crossing the road. The buried depth can be 0.40m or less. In addition, the perimeter security alarm wiring is also very suitable for laying the cable with direct mounting.
Using the basement cable tray to lay the cable way The way the cable tray is laid in the basement is another common way of wiring, which is also characterized by intelligent community, because only high-end residential areas will have more or even connected A basement, there is a basement for high-rise buildings or small high-rise buildings. It is a multi-storey building that also has a basement for the civil defense basement, bicycle storage, storage room or various station buildings. In addition, with hundreds of parking spaces, the underground parking garage that connects many buildings into one piece is convenient for laying weak cables on the bridge.
Pay attention to the following points when designing in this way:
Pay attention to the connection of indoor and outdoor cables. When the outdoor cable is inserted into the basement, the wall bushing must be reserved. The pre-embedded elevation of the casing should be the focus of special attention. The elevation of the casing should be higher than the elevation of the outdoor manhole (hand) hole to prevent rainwater from entering the basement; in the case of thicker underground walls (greater than 240mm), The wall bushing should be reserved as far as possible to make the outer casing opening of the wall low, and the inner casing opening is high, so that the center line of the inner and outer ports is at an angle of about 20 degrees with the horizontal plane, so that the large logarithmic cable can be led to the bridge. The amount of pre-buried wall bushings shall be reserved according to the final requirements. The reserved margin may be expressed in the number of casings or in the casing diameter of the casing; the bridges are installed on the basement. If a large logarithmic cable is to be laid, in order to meet the requirements of the radius of curvature of the large logarithmic cable, the cable tray shall not be turned at a right angle, and the turning bridge shall be an obtuse angle; for a large-area basement, the bridge shall be connected into a system, and the bridge shall be taken when the firewall is worn. Effective fire prevention measures such as fireproof pillows; for two buildings with similar basements, pre-buried steel pipes should be used to communicate the weak electric cable trays of the two basements.
2, wall cable mode
This is a way that is often seen in smart community renovation projects. The equivalent of 100 pairs of dian cable outer diameter and other weak outer cables of the outer diameter can be laid by wall cable; The installation of the camera or the perimeter of the perimeter security installation of the active or passive infrared detector is installed on the surface. For the sake of beauty, the alarm cable can also be buried in the perimeter wall.
3, wearing a pipe laying method
It is generally used for the laying of weak electric cables from the human (hand) holes to the inside of buildings, walls, and poles, such as cables for closed-circuit surveillance cameras that are led by human (hand) holes to poles or wall mounted in the park. Cable laying to the dian booth, the ICdian booth, and the emergency alarm button.
4. About the laying method of the human (hand) hole pipe
It is the most common and most important way to lay weak electric cables in the smart residential community with human (hand) hole pipes. The main national codes and atlases related to this laying method are as follows:
â—Ž Urban residential building integrated wiring system engineering design specification CECSll9:2000
â—ŽIndustrial enterprise communication design specification GBT 42-81
â—ŽLocal dian network communication pipeline and channel engineering design specification YD5007-95
â—Ž Underground communication cable laying 94X102
â—ŽCommunication cable wiring pipe atlas YD5062-98
â—ŽCommunication pipeline manhole and tube block group atlas YDI-101
â—ŽIntelligent building design standard GB/T50314-2000
The above specifications and standards atlas have clearly defined the design method of weak outdoor wiring in general engineering.
About the use of human (hand) holes
When selecting the hole for the hand (hand) of the outdoor weak wiring design in the intelligent residential community, the first problem encountered is the person (hand) hole selected according to the traditional design method, which has a large volume and is inconvenient to use in the smart residential community. This is because developers want to build more houses on limited land in order to improve land utilization, so that the location of underground pipes that can be provided to various professions in smart residential areas is relatively small, and there are many types of pipes for various professions. The number of pipes and the tightness of the pipe wells make the construction drawing pipeline difficult. It is not uncommon for the depth of the competition and the depth of the buried pipeline. An obvious problem is that the size of the manhole is selected according to the national architectural standard design atlas 94X102 "underground communication cable laying", even if the small manhole is selected, the length x width is also 3m. More than 2m, the thickness of the two walls of the person (hand) hole is as much as 0.98m. Of course, we can suggest in the engineering practice that replacing the brick wall with reinforced concrete wall can greatly reduce the length of this near lm. , thereby reducing a part of the volume, usually can be reduced to each wall thickness O.12-0.16m, that is, the reinforced concrete cast-in-place wall is 1/3 of the brick wall. (This is a non-standard design, not recommended). In addition, we further analyze why the size of the human (hand) hole in the national standard map is so large. The original atlas we used originally designed for outdoor dian cable laying, it can be suitable for large logarithmic copper. The laying of the core dian cable is suitable for the wearing of thousands or even thousands of pairs of cables. It can also provide the connection of large logarithmic cables in the manhole (this requires a large amount in the hole of the person (hand). space). In the outdoor weak wiring design in the intelligent residential community, we are faced with a large number of intelligent system cables, not only a dian cable, but also a large logarithmic dian cable, but more A large number of cables or optical cables with an outer diameter of not more than 20 mm, and a dian cable with a larger diameter. Because we use the wiring of the wiring and wiring (direct wiring to the junction area, the cable from the property center machine room to the various junction wiring areas is mostly 400, 500, 600 pairs of cables, the outer diameter is not too Large, and we can work hard to make a connection or branch without the need to make a dian cable in the manhole (when using the SK series hand hole, due to the special structure of the hand hole, the connected cable can be led out of the hand hole on the ground After being connected and then put back into the hand hole, there is no need to have a larger space for the person (hand) hole. As for the small diameter cable and cable, it is more adaptable in a relatively small space. Therefore, we conclude that In the design of the outdoor weak current wiring of the intelligent community, it is feasible to reduce the specification of the use of the human (hand) hole. It is possible to change the hole of the person (hand) compared with the traditional method. The decrease is reduced and the investment is reduced.
Specific practices:
â—Ž Replace the small straight manhole in the National Standard Atlas 94X102 "Underground Communication Cable Laying" with a hand hole;
â—Ž Originally used small turn manhole, small divergent manhole, small fan type manhole replaced with small straight manhole;
◎ For important parts, such as the front hole of the “Bureau†(property center computer room), the main line of the cable, or the three-way and four-way, the manholes that are still selected in the traditional way should not be reduced.
â—Ž For the use of small straight through manholes, even the use of small turning manholes, small divergent manholes, small fan-shaped manholes can still be used YD5062 national communication industry standard "communication cable wiring pipe atlas" Replace the corresponding hand hole, such as the first, second and third hand holes (SKl, SK2, SK3)
◎ Strongly advocate the use of the small hand hole (SSK) provided in the YD5062-98 map set. The small hand hole has a very small volume, with a clearance area of ​​0.5X0.4m2 and a depth of 0.3-0.7m. It can be widely used in various multi-storey residential buildings. The cable of the building is introduced into the hand hole of the building. It can be directly placed close to the unit door for a few meters. This can facilitate the cable to be introduced into the building and reduce the amount of steel pipe used in the building. As for the communication pipe manhole and pipe block group Group Atlas) The manhole provided by YDl-101 ​​is mainly used for medium and large manholes on municipal roads, and is often not used in the community, but it is not entirely true. For example, the “front well†of the property center room and the main line also have It is possible to use the medium manhole listed in this atlas. In addition to the large volume of the manhole, the cover is prefabricated and easy to purchase on the market. For the application of the 94X102 and YD5062-98 two sets of atlases to be correct and appropriate, it is necessary to carefully analyze and study the structural characteristics and application scope of the two series of human (hand) holes. Generally speaking, the 94X102 atlas is mostly used for community weak electricity. On the main road of the wiring, the amount of cables in these parts is large, and the pipeline can adjust the buried depth in a relatively large range. The depth adjustment can be realized by adjusting the depth of the floating cover of the well cover, or by lengthening the wall of the well. The length is adjusted. The YD5062-98 atlas is mostly used in the branch pipe or branch pipe of the shallow-buried cell, where the cable is relatively small, the hand hole of this series has a shallow requirement for the buried pipe. The depth adjustment ability of the buried pipe is also small. When the depth is required to be buried, the length of the well wall needs to be lengthened to increase the depth of the bottom plate of the well. The YD5062-98 series is difficult to purchase in some provinces and cities due to the special structure of the square manhole cover. Some communities have high requirements on the landscape of the park. The square hole covers in the YD5062-98 map occupy a large area of ​​green space, which affects the greening and beautiful appearance of the park. However, this series of hand holes is an indispensable for the intelligent weak outdoor wiring design of the intelligent community. The important means is an important addition to the 94X102 Atlas. In addition, the purchase of square manhole covers is not a problem, the current market has long been to form a collaborative production, whether it is spot or non-standard purchase is very convenient.
Handwell settings considerations
The hand well is indispensable in the outdoor integrated wiring system of the intelligent community. Its function is mainly to provide convenience for the dark laying of the pipeline when performing intelligent outdoor outdoor wiring work. The size of the hand well should be determined according to the size of the intelligent system. In the actual design and construction process, the following points should be noted:
1. Hand wells should be placed in the sidewalk or green belt as much as possible, and the basic requirements for the vertical alignment of the well frame and the building or sidewalk and the green belt along the stone to ensure the overall beauty of the pipe network. When installing the well frame on the road, it should be in the same plane as the ground, and should be 50mm above the ground in the green belt.
2. The shou machine well installed on the roadway should be a 24 cm thick well wall; the hand wells placed on the sidewalk or green belt can be used as a 12 cm thick well wall, but should be made of two or more layers of 24 cm bricks. In order to enlarge the pressure bearing area, the four sides of the well wall shall be smoothed with high-grade (250# or more) cement mortar.
3. The depth setting of the well should be above 800mm. In case of special circumstances, the minimum pipe mouth should be more than 30cm from the bottom of the well. The bottom of the well should be backfilled with 100mm thick sand cushion.
4. The outer wall of the well wall shall be filled with sand and watered to prevent the mud traps around the well frame from being damaged and the well cover protruding and damaged. Hand hole wells installed on the road under construction, the wells must be filled with sand and watered to prevent crushing damage during road construction.
5. If the pipeline is too deep or the pipeline is connected in the well and the space in the well is insufficient, a double manhole cover may be installed for threading construction.
6. The hand manhole cover is uniformly customized by the weak electricity construction company, and marked with a note, distributed according to the design quantity.
7. When the pipeline passes through the hand hole well, the straight pipe should be straight and straight on the same level.
to sum up
The early design of the outdoor pipe network is designed under ideal conditions. It may change during the actual construction. Especially when the construction is interspersed with the greening and landscape units, there will be conflicts between them. The size and position of the weak electric wells are It is possible to change, the material of the manhole cover will also change due to different installation positions. The cast iron manhole cover is changed into a plastic manhole cover, and the plastic manhole cover is changed into a cast iron manhole cover. This is a common thing.
Regarding the depth of the trench, it is generally not lower than 400mm depending on the site conditions. If it is directly laid on the hardened cement pavement, it can be discussed. If the road surface is over, the pipe trench depth may need to be increased to 600mm, and the steel pipe should not be buried as deep.
Regarding the size of the hand well, the size of the hand hole of the weak electric well we currently design is generally two, one is 600*600, the other is 400*400. As for the square well or the round well, according to the uniform requirements of the landscape!
Regarding the entry wells, the reserved pipelines entering the wells are generally made by the general contract. However, the construction of the underground wells generally has weak power construction units to do. The entrance to the wells is not only used by one of our weak units, but also for telecommunications and cable television. It is necessary to use the wells to thread the wells. The location of the wells is generally designed in the early stage. There are two ways to enter the wells: one is to build the well directly at the pipeline, and the other is to connect the external pipeline. Drilling wells, no matter which method must be waterproof, waterproof is the key.
Regarding the hand-well construction process, the construction process of our weak electric wells is generally not high, and it can be done by looking at the cost.